Eczema, or atopic dermatitis, is a skin condition most commonly seen in children. The symptoms can vary depending on age of the patient, but most experience dry, itchy, or inflamed skin. Color changes to the skin, small bumps, or flakes may appear. Family history of eczema is a risk factor. Triggers include harsh soaps, cleaning products, perfumes, being sweaty too much, hot water, dry air, stress, sudden temperature changes, or wool and synthetic fabrics, such as polyester.
The worst soaps to avoid in eczema include

1. Soaps with propylene
glycolPropylene glycol has been named “Allergen of the Year” in 2018. It can be found in skin-care products, cosmetics, medications, or foods in addition to soaps. Its purpose is to help moisturize the skin

2. Soaps containing methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI) and methylisothiazolinone (MI)
MI was named the “Allergen of the Year” in 2013. Eczema is often seen in people with allergies which is why a significant percentage of those with eczema have a reaction to MI or it’s close relative, MCI. MI and MCI are preservatives found in many household soaps and other products such as cosmetics, detergents, and paints. Its purpose is to lengthen the shelf life of products that help prevent growth of bacteria and mold. Those with a reaction to MI or MCI could have skin redness, rash, inflammation, itching, stinging, burning, swelling, blistering, or flaking. These symptoms are often similar to a flare of eczema

3. Antibacterial soaps
Some studies have found regular soap to be just as effective at hand washing as antibacterial soap. The major difference is, antibacterial soaps tend to cause much higher rates of skin irritation known as dermatitis. Those with eczema are more likely to have this type of reaction or to worsen their eczema with use. Scrubbing the hands for at least 20 seconds with regular soap and water can help prevent skin irritation. This is also true for hand sanitizers

4. Scented soaps
Fragrances often cause skin reactions, and those with eczema are more likely to react than those without. An unscented or fragrance free soap is the safest choice

5. Soaps with cocamidopropyl betaine from coconut oil
Cocamidopropyl betaine is derived from coconut oil. This surfactant or foaming agent is used to remove oil and dirt from the skin. It is best advertised as having “tear-free” benefits. It can result in redness or flaking of the face, scalp, eyes, or hands

6. Soaps with botanical oils
Botanical oils often have scents associated with them. Essential oils are thought to be safe because of their natural fragrance; however, any scent should be avoided with eczema

Eczema is not a one-size fits all disease. One product could cause a flare in one patient and not the next. The average pH of soap is around nine or ten. The normal level of skin is around four or five. When soaps augment the pH of skin, eczema symptoms occur or worsen. Avoiding the soaps with the highest rates of reaction would decrease frequency and severity of eczema flares.